1876

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1876 was the fifth year after the founding of the city of Birmingham.

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In 1876, Johns Hopkins University was founded in Baltimore, Maryland. The Third Carlist War ended in Spain. Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for the telephone. Queen Victoria took the title Empress of India. The Battle of the Little Bighorn saw 300 men under Lieutenant Colonel George Custer wiped out by 5,000 Lakota, Cheyenne and Arapaho led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse. The United States celebrated its centennial. Colorado was admitted as the 38th state. Texas A&M University opened for classes. Rutherford B. Hayes was elected President. Heinz Tomato Ketchup first went on sale.

Notable books published in 1876 included The Hunting of the Snark by Lewis Carroll, Daniel Deronda by George Eliot, Clarel by Herman Melville, Robert's Rules of Order by Henry Martyn Robert, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain. Notable music composed in 1876 included Symphony No. 1 by Johannes Brahms and Siegfried & Götterdämmerung by Richard Wagner.

Notable births in 1876 included author Jack London, the 13th Dalai Lama, Pope Pius XII, composer Carl Ruggles, exotic dancer and spy Mata Hari, baseball player Rube Waddell, architect Walter Burley Griffin, and cellist Pablo Casals. Notable deaths included former first lady Eliza McCardle Johnson; actress Charlotte Saunders Cushman; Josephine of Leuchtenberg, Queen of Sweden and Norway; gunfighter and entertainer Wild Bill Hickok; Confederate general Braxton Bragg; and visionary Catherine Labouré.

1870s
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